What is FHIR? The Mechanism and Benefits of Healthcare Data Exchange

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FHIR (Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources) is an international standard developed by HL7 that defines the structure and method for exchanging health data between systems like electronic medical records. It was developed around 2012 because the older HL7 Version 2 could not meet the demands of the 21st century. Implementing FHIR allows healthcare data to be shared through an open interface, enabling broad interoperability beyond internal hospital systems. The standard is built upon three components: Resources, References, and Profiles. It can represent complex medical information, such as medication orders or lab results, using 'Resources' as the smallest unit. Technically, FHIR utilizes formats common in web development, such as JSON and XML, and exchanges data via HTTPS. This leverages technology used by major platforms like Google and Facebook. Consequently, it facilitates real-time data collection from mobile apps and wearables, assisting physicians in monitoring patient progress. FHIR standardizes not only the storage and exchange of data but also entire clinical processes, such as online appointment booking or digital anamnesis, providing a highly convenient environment for both healthcare providers and patients.