Taiwan's Digital Health Transformation: Towards Holistic Care Using FHIR Standards

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Taiwan is driving digital health transformation based on its strengths in ICT and its high-quality National Health Insurance (NHI) database under the 'Healthy Taiwan' vision. As part of this strategy, a national digital platform was established, utilizing a '3-3-3 Framework' that integrates three main healthcare spaces, three key data standards, and three national AI governance centers. Technically, over 400 hospitals have adopted the international FHIR standard to ensure interoperability of electronic medical records. Zero Trust systems are also implemented for cybersecurity. Specific applications include the 'Family Doctor Platform,' which uses AI-based risk prediction to shift chronic disease management toward a preventive approach. Furthermore, personal health platforms like 'My Health Bank' are spreading, enabling integration with wearable devices. In data exchange, FHIR standards are used for Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) data, supporting rapid diagnosis and appropriate medical access in cancer treatment. The introduction of virtual insurance cards, e-prescriptions, and telemedicine is expanding services to rural areas by removing geographical and temporal barriers. Taiwan established 19 national AI medical centers for clinical AI development, with over 50 AI medical products receiving regulatory approval. Additionally, a federated learning platform is under development, allowing model validation across institutions and countries without moving sensitive data. Taiwan aims to contribute to international data sharing and global health governance through these efforts.